How do manufacturers test outdoor furniture for fire resistance in commercial settings?

Manufacturers rigorously test outdoor furniture for fire resistance in commercial settings to ensure safety and compliance with industry standards. Common methods include the ASTM E84 test, which measures surface flammability, and the NFPA 701 standard for flame propagation. Furniture is exposed to controlled flames to evaluate ignition time, flame spread, and self-extinguishing properties. Materials like treated wood, metal, and fire-retardant fabrics are tested under extreme conditions. These tests help manufacturers design durable, safe products for high-traffic areas like restaurants, hotels, and public spaces. Compliance with local and international fire safety regulations is critical for commercial use.